| East African Independence | |
[Gazetteer Index page]
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Rwanda Official name: Republic of Rwanda Independence from Germany/Belgium: 1962 The region was first colonized by the Hutu in the fourteenth century. The subsequent arrival of the Tutsi in the fifteenth century resulted in a Tutsi lord/Hutu serf society. This Tutsi domination was reinforced by German and Belgian colonization from 1890. Since independence in 1962 continued violence has erupted between the two factions. |
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Somalia Official name: Somali Democratic Republic Independence from Italy and Britain: 1960 Somaliland became British and Italian colonies in the 1880's, although it was ruled solely by the British from 1941 to 1950. In 1960, Italian Somaliland and British Somaliland were united to form an independent Somalia. |
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Sudan Official name: Republic of Sudan Independence from Britain and Egypt: 1956 Northern Sudan was taken by Egypt in 1821 and Southern Sudan by the British in 1877. (The British invaded Egypt in 1882.) In 1883 a revolt was started by the Muslim leader Muhammad Ahmed, [i]the Mahdi[/i]. Conflict continued for fifteen years until the Mahdists were defeated in 1898. An Anglo-Egyptian condominium was created. Since independence from British/Egyptian rule in 1956 the country has experienced little relief from civil war between the Arab, Islamic north and African south. |
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Tanzania Official name: United Republic of Tanzania Independence from Germany/Britain: 1961/1963 The mainland of Tanzania became a German colony called Tanganyika in 1884 whilst the Sultanate of Zanzibar became a British Protectorate in 1890. Tanganyika became a British mandated territory in 1918 and achieved independence in 1961. In 1963 Zanzibar achieved independence, and a year later formed a union with Tanganyika under the new name of Tanzania. |
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Uganda Official name: Republic of Uganda Independence from Britain: 1962 A collection of ancient kingdoms were combined to from a British protectorate in 1893. Independence was achieved in 1962. The ethnic strife under the rule of Idi Amin lasted from 1971 to 1980. |
East Africa: [Burundi - Kenya], [Rwanda - Uganda]
[Gazetteer Index page]
